GO ENGLISH n°131 - Page 4 - 131 Abonnez-vous maintenant sur goenglish.fr Vous vous entraînez avec des exercices. Vous lisez et écoutez un article adapté à votre niveau. Vous le comprenez grâce aux guides de compréhension fournis. 10 MINUTES PAR JOUR ! APPRENEZ L’ANGLAIS EN SEULEMENT 1 2 3 4 Une gamme complète : Novembre 2024 no108 March - April 2024 japprendslanglais.fr BASÉ SUR LE PROGRAMME OFFICIEL DE L’ÉDUCATION NATIONALE A U D I O SUR INTER N E T Gratuit! WHAT’S THE WEATHER LIKE? Fleurs de printemps TRAVAUX MANUELS Les animaux Les adjectifs opposés Les couleurs du printemps VOCABULAIRE Chameau ou dromadaire ? Dès 6 ans 8-12 ans (CM1-5e ) A1 à B1 - Débutant à intermédiaire B1 à C2 - Intermédiaire à avancé Vous avancez à votre rythme, en toute autonomie ! Les seuls magazines d’anglais spécialement conçus pour la jeunesse ! UNIQUE ! 3 Go English No 131 March-April 2025 no 131 March-April 2025 Intermediate Upper Intermediate Advanced Proficiency The articles range from level B1 to C2 of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. C1 B2 B1 C2 Article in American English Article read and recorded on audio files The audio files also have pronunciation and intonation exercises based on articles. Exercises based on the articles + videos (songs, interviews, reports, etc.) “What happens in Vegas stays in Vegas” is a slogan and advertising campaign for the city of Las Vegas launched in 2003. It became an instant phenomenon. Las Vegas is know all over the world for its casinos, its entertainment, its quick weddings and its Elvis Presley impersonators. This issue takes you to the depths of this city, its history, its famous symbols and its characters. You will also learn about its surroundings: from the Hoover Dam to the Grand Canyon, this beautiful arid regions will keep no secrets from you. Welcome to the desert! Valerie Hyenveux, Editor in chief 46-47 Quiz Bc Las Vegas quiz p 48 Just Kidding bBc p 48 Tongue Twisters bBc 49 Next Issue & Answers g p 8-10 Words & Culture cu The landscape of language p 11 What to say b How to gamble g p 12-13 Tips & Techniques bB The Grand Canyon 14-15 The Grammar Point BcC Wish g p 16-17 Did You Know? c Idiomatic expressions from gambling p 18 10 Words Bc Gambling in Las Vegas g 20-21 Life as Art Bc Céline Dion in Las Vegas g p 22-23 Profile Bcu When Elvis conquered Las Vegas g 24-27 Time Travel cu Visiting Las Vegas and The Grand Canyon g p 29-31 Talking To cC Björk about Cornucopia 38 Trendy Places bBu The Atomic Testing Museum g 40-41 Insights cu The history of the Grand Canyon p 42-43 What’s Up? Bc p 44-46 World of Food Bc The ‘All you can eat’ buffet p 32-33 On the Job Bu Coralie Baulard: Wedding planner g 34-36 Industry Focus cCu Cirque du Soleil p 36 Numbers Talking cu p 37 Business News Bc PROFILE When Elvis conquered Las Vegas © CC BY 4.0 22 © Drop of Light/Shutterstock THE NEWS IN DEPTH Remembering David Lynch 6 © J.C. Woods/Shutterstock INSIGHTS The history of the Grand Canyon 40 TRAVEL TIME Visiting Las Vegas 24 p 4-5 In the News Bc p 5 Press Clippings cu g 6-7 The News in Depth Bcu Remembering David Lynch 4 Go English No 131 March-April 2025 A meteorite smashed a windshield In Stratford-Upon-Avon, England, Paul Butler and his family were watching TV when they heard a loud bang outside. The next morning, they discovered that their car windshield had a hole in it. Their 12-year-old son discovered a small, shiny black rock nearby that didn’t match any of the other stones. The boy said: “I wondered if it could possibly be a meteorite but we weren’t sure until we used a magnet and researched it online.” His 55-year-old father said it had “a strange shape” and “looked like it had been burned.“ to smash briser a windshield un pare-brise a loud bang un claquement fort a hole un trou shiny brillant a rock un caillou nearby près de là a magnet un aimant We feel better in nature A study from Kings College, London, involving almost 2,000 people around the world used the Urban Mind app to record both people’s physical surroundings and their well-being in real time over a two-week period. Ryan Hammond, who led the study, found that with diverse amounts of nature around them, people relaxed, gained confidence and felt happy and more connected to others. The benefits lasted up to eight hours afterwards. Another surprising discovery is that with each additional element, such as a duck or a stream, the well-being of the person increased. This study highlights the importance of spending time in nature every day, even for a brief time, and the more diverse, the better. surroundings l’environnement, le cadre well-being le bien-être to gain confidence prendre de l’assurance the benefits les avantages to last up to durer jusqu’à a duck un canard a stream un ruisseau to highlight souligner Teaching children to fact check A study by Stanford University has found that exposure to obviously false information can help protect children from future attempts at misinformation. Compiling the data from many studies suggests that it is better to expose children to disinformation and teach them how to learn to think critically about the information they see. This seems to be a better approach than to attempt to limit their access to spaces or sites where you believe they could be exposed to fake news or misleading information. In two studies, children aged from two to four were exposed to animal facts along with pictures of animals with the statement that zebras had red and green stripes. They could see that the stripes were black and white. They then were instructed to search for zebra pictures. When these children learned that false information exists, they started to fact check more information before believing it. Teaching them how to think, instead of what to think, was a better strategy than controlling the information they see. to fact check vérifier l’information obviously de toute évidence an attempt un essai, une tentative misinformation la désinformation misleading trompeur, erroné a statement une affirmation a stripe une rayure to be instructed avoir comme consigne to believe croire IN THE NEWS Article by Robert J. Schweizer 5 Go English No 131 March-April 2025 Keeping Afghan women’s words alive My Pen Is the Wing of a Bird: New Fiction by Afghan Women, published in 2022, was named a Book of the Year by the Financial Times. It is the product of Untold Narratives, a project founded by Lucy Hannah, a journalist and producer who has worked in Afghanistan. Its aim, Hannah says, is to help writers, particularly women who have been “marginalised by community or conflict,” to have their voices heard. The strength of their stories was demonstrated by the success of the anthology. Among its contributors is Marie, from her new home in Germany. She says, “We are eager to learn, eager to work, and not be dependent on men.” That’s also the message she conveys in her writing. “We have a proverb: ‘At the end of every night, there is a morning. At the end of every darkness, there is sunshine’. And meanwhile, we are writing.” an aim un but to be eager to être impatient de to convey transmettre darkness les ténèbres meanwhile pendant ce temps © Roy De La Cruz/Shutterstock falsely à tort to claim prétendre que to hamper entraver, ralentir a firefighter un pompier an order (ici) un décret to replenish alimenter water shortage le manque d’eau threatened species des espèces menacées effectively efficacement a fire hydrant une bouche d’incendie to draw (ici) tirer unsustainable insoutenable a decade une décennie a planner (ici) un urbaniste to bring on provoquer at the expense of aux frais de to be reliant on être dépendant de a whole slew of tout un tas de to work across the aisle collaborer avec des élus d’autres partis firsthand en personne Reintroducing wolves to Scottish Highlands A study led by researchers at the University of Leeds said that reintroducing the species into the Highlands in Scotland could help curb the problem of red deer eating tree saplings, which stops natural woodland regeneration. to curb juguler, résorber a red deer un cerf élaphe a tree sapling un jeune arbre “Our reservoirs are in good shape due to early winter rain, and plenty of water is flowing to southern California.The problem is that when city water infrastructure was built decades ago, planners didn’t anticipate the conditions brought on by global warming.” Brent Haddad, an environmental studies professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz During the Los Angeles fires in January 2025, President Trump falsely claimed that protections that keep water in the Delta hampered firefighters, and that his order would replenish water shortages for firefighting efforts in Southern California. Environmental efforts to protect threatened species had nothing to do with water availability for fighting the L.A. fires. “The municipal water systems that service our homes and businesses continue to work effectively. However, they’re not designed to fight wildfires. A firefight with multiple fire hydrants, drawing water from the system for several hours, is unsustainable.” Mark Pestrella, director of the L.A. County Department of Public Works “We’re working across the aisle, as we always have, to ensure survivors have the resources and support they need. Thank you President Trump for coming to our communities to see this firsthand and meeting with me today to continue our joint efforts to support people impacted.” Gavin Newsom, Democratic governor of California “The Trump administration is trying to demonstrate the strength of the federal government at the expense of the states and Newsom wants the state to be independent [...] but it is also reliant on federal funding for a whole slew of projects and programs.” Gar Culbert, a political science professor at Cal State, Los Angeles 7 2-6 PRESS CLIPPINGS Article by Valérie Hyenveux social media les réseaux sociaux the loss la perte a tribute un hommage to pour in affluer predatory prédateur to come to light être découvert a diamond in the rough un diamant brut to be keen to avoir envie de to pop up apparaître to nurture nourrir, encourager to achieve atteindre acclaim des éloges, des louanges to stand out se démarquer (stood, stood) suburban life la vie en banlieue to shock choquer, bouleverser unsettling troublant, déconcertant skillful lighting un éclairage habile jarring détonant Remembering David Lynch American writer, director, artist, musician and actor January 20th, 1946 – January 15th, 2025 In 2024, American filmmaker David Lynch revealed that he had been diagnosed with emphysema*. Tragically, Lynch died on January 15th, 2025, five days before his 79th birthday. In the days that followed, actors and directors turned to social media to express their sadness over this loss of a film legend. A s more and more tributes pour in, a clear trend emerges: people in the industry appreciated working with Lynch. In a time when it seems like new stories about cruel or predatory directors regularly come to light, it appears that David Lynch was a diamond in the rough. While his films may have divided audiences, the man himself appears to be universally loved by the people who worked with him. © s_bukley/Shutterstock This explains why actors like Kyle MacLachlan were so keen to come back and work with Lynch over multiple projects. Fans can see familiar faces pop up time and time again. Other actors who became associated with his work include Laura Dern, Harry Dean Stanton, Jack Nance and Naomi Watts. The long list of successful performers who started their careers in his films speaks volumes about Lynch’s ability to identify and nurture talent. Surrealism and more As a director, Lynch was able to achieve a high level of both critical and popular acclaim with a unique and inimitable style. ‘Twin Peaks’, in particular, stood out from television shows of its era through the inclusion of surreal and supernatural elements alongside more typical images of American suburban life. The series also showed Lynch’s ability to shock the audience, with unsettling visuals, dark themes, and scenes of violence intensified by skillful lighting and jarring music. 6 Go English No 131 March-April 2025 THE NEWS IN DEPTH Article by Julie Bridgeman He became so well-known for his creative style, in fact, that the term Lynchian was coined, which the Oxford English Dictionary defines as “characteristic, reminiscent, or imitative of the films or television work of David Lynch”, referring to the use of “juxtaposing surreal or sinister elements with mundane, everyday environments, and for using compelling visual images to emphasize a dreamlike quality of mystery or menace”. However, while his art was known for being menacing, the artist clearly was not. Ongoing influence As with any beloved artist, the death of David Lynch brings a mixture of sadness and gratitude for the body of work he left behind. We can also enjoy his ongoing influence, as new generations of directors are inspired to create their own weird and wonderful Lynchian worlds. The last word is best left to the man himself. According to Lynch’s own personal philosophy, no one really dies because life is “a continuum, and we’re all going to be fine at the end of the story”. n * Emphysema is a long-term lung condition that causes shortness of breath. © Kathy Hutchins/Shutterstock Tributes to David Lynch Director Steven Spielberg, who worked with Lynch in 2022 on The Fabelmans, said this in a statement: “The world is going to miss such an original and unique voice. His films have already stood the test of time and they always will.” Naomi Watts, who starred in Mulholland Drive (2001) as well as the ‘Twin Peaks’ television series reboot (2017), wrote on Instagram: “It wasn’t just his art that impacted me – his wisdom, humor, and love gave me a special sense of belief in myself I’d never accessed before.” Nicolas Cage, who starred in Wild at Heart (1990), said this: “I never had more fun on a film set than working with David Lynch. He will always be solid gold.” Perhaps the most touching of the tributes comes from one of Lynch’s most frequent collaborators, Kyle MacLachlan, who the director cast in Dune, Blue Velvet, the ‘Twin Peaks’ television series and its 2017 reboot, as well as the film, Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me. In an Instagram post, MacLachlan shared photos of Lynch from over the years, and said this: “Forty-two years ago, for reasons beyond my comprehension, David Lynch plucked me out of obscurity to star in his first and last big budget movie. He clearly saw something in me that even I didn’t recognize. I owe my entire career, and life really, to his vision.” a tribute un hommage a statement une déclaration to miss manquer a reboot une nouvelle version wisdom la sagesse solid gold en or massif touching touchant to cast choisir pour jouer beyond au-delà de to pluck sb out sortir qq de to owe devoir Transcendental Meditation David Lynch was a vocal proponent of Transcendental Meditation since he began the practice in 1973. But what is Transcendental Meditation (TM)? The official TM organization describes it as “a non-religious method that promotes relaxed awareness, stress relief, selfdevelopment, and higher states of consciousness.” The technique involves repeating a mantra for 15–20 minutes, twice per day. Because TM classes can be quite expensive, Lynch founded the David Lynch Foundation to fund meditation lessons for at-risk populations. He explained why on the Foundation website: “I had no idea how powerful and profound this technique could be until I saw firsthand how it was being practised by veterans who suffer (from) post-traumatic stress and women and girls who are survivors of terrible violence. TM is, in a word, life changing for the good.” vocal qui se fait entendre a proponent un adepte, un partisan relaxed awareness la conscience de soi détendue stress relief le soulagement du stress self-development le développement personnel to fund financer firsthand vécu a survivor un survivant, un rescapé coined inventé reminiscent of qui évoque surreal surréaliste mundane sans intérêt compelling convaincant, irréfutable to emphasize insister sur le fait que dreamlike onirique ongoing continu beloved bien-aimé sadness la tristesse the body of work l’œuvre weird étrange a continuum un ensemble infini 7 Go English No 131 March-April 2025 a character un personnage to encounter rencontrer, croiser a straight stretch une portion de route droite an insight un éclairage, un aperçu a wealth of une quantité de a feature un caractéristique to lend (lent, lent) préter a ravine un ravin deep profond steep raide, escarpé narrower plus étroit roots les racines long, deep valleys with steep sides. In Europe, ‘gorge’ is often used for narrower landforms, but in the US, the difference can be harder to discern. One key element could be the linguistic history of the region. The word ‘canyon’ has Spanish origins and is typically used in the southwest, whereas ‘gorge’ comes from French roots and is more common in regions settled by Francophones, especially near French Canada. The same is true of a ‘ravine’, which is mostly used in northern states and Canada. On the subject of valleys, the prefix Glenand the suffix -dale are both found inUStoponyms,usuallyreferringtomore gentle valley areas. These terms attest to influences from British colonisation: ‘Glen-’ comes from the Gaelic languages of Scotland and Ireland and is also linked to the Welsh prefix ‘Glyn-’, while ‘-dale’ has Old English roots, and is especially associated with the English region of E ven on a straight stretch of highway, keeping an eye on the road signs can provide both geographical and historical insights. With a little knowledge, paying attention to local toponyms – the names of geographic locations – may reveal a wealth of information about the area you are traveling through. Let’s take a linguistic look at some of the geographical features that have lent their names to American places, and find out not only what these words mean, but where they came from, and what that tells us about the multicultural history of the nation. Canyons, gorges and ravines To begin with a big one: what makes the Grand Canyon a canyon, and not a gorge? Both words refer to features in the category of valleys, specifically Rio Grande Gorge The landscape of language A road trip in the USA can reveal so much. A long journey on the interstate is a great way to discover the diversity of landscapes and flora and fauna, not to mention the range of characters you may encounter at a roadside diner or motel. © CC BY-SA 3.0 Clark Fork 8 Go English No 131 March-April 2025 WORDS&CULTURE Article by Julie Bridgeman as a toponym. The Clark Fork, to give one example, is a 310-mile-long (450 km) branch of the Columbia River, which flows through Montana and Idaho. Don’t panic if you see signs for places called ‘kill’ when visiting New York state; this is a Dutch word for a creek, found in the area corresponding to the former colony of New Netherland. It also gave rise to the name of the Catskill Mountains in this state. Finally, a word typically used for small, shallow streams, ‘brook’ also comes from British roots, and the word can still be found in British toponyms too. It is commonly associated with the gentle sound of peaceful waters; Tennyson’s poem ‘The Brook’ uses the words ‘babbling’, ‘chattering’ and ‘murmuring’. The connotation of serenity makes it a popular choice to name settlements, for example Brookhaven, Georgia, or Brookline, Massachusetts. Yorkshire. Bear this in mind if you pass by one of the several American towns or citiesnamed‘Glendale’,whichcouldthus be interpreted as “Valley Valley”. (There is even a Glendale Valley Campground in Pennsylvania.) Rivers, creeks and babbling brooks The name of the waterway flowing throughacanyon,gorgeordalemayalso tell you something about the linguistic influence of the region. Obviously, a Spanish influence can again be seen in the southwest, where the Rio Grande and the Rio Puerco, among others, use the Spanish word for ‘river’. Far more common, and used across the continent, is the word ‘creek’, used to describe smaller waterways. The word’s origins are connected to old Germanic and Norse languages. It was brought to the US by British colonists, and also given to many riverside settlements, such as the towns of Battle Creek, Michigan, and Coconut Creek, Florida. Several other words for rivers and streams are worth investigating. ‘Fork’, referring to the confluence of two waterways, is occasionally used “Major cities such as Chicago, Milwaukee and Seattle can trace their names to Native American roots. ” Monument Valley Typesof canyons Within the category of ‘canyon’, there are even more terms used to describe different types. A ‘box canyon’ has a flat bottom and vertical walls, and is found within mountains. Very narrow canyons, often with smooth walls, are called ‘slot canyons’. ‘Submarine canyons’ are steep-sided valleys in the seabed of the continental slope. Unlike canyons on land, which are formed by weathering and the erosive activity of a river, submarine canyons are formed by currents and landslides. a flat bottom un fond plat smooth lisse a steep-sided valley une vallée escarpée a seabed un fond marin a slope une pente weathering érosion climatique a landslide un glissement de terrain to bear sth in mind ne pas perdre de vue que thus par conséquent a creek un ruisseau a babbling brook un ruisseau qui bredouille Norse nordique, scandinave a riverside settlement une colonie en bord de rivière a fork une fourche, un embranchement Dutch néérlandais chattering bavardage, claquement 8-10 9 Go English No 131 March-April 2025 One final evocative term often used in this region is ‘bluff’. This usually refers to a small, rounded cliff rising above a river or waterway. The word ‘bluff’ derives from Low German, and is even found sometimes in movie and TV titles, where the second, gambling-related definition of ‘bluff’ can be used to create a crafty play on words. Diverse influences As we can see, the various origins of American settlers have left a linguistic mark on the geography of the nation. But what about the Native Americans who preceded them? Surprisingly, there are few geographical terms derived from indigenous languages in the region. One notable exception is ‘bayou’, from early Choctaw, which is a word used in southern states to refer to slow-moving creeks or marshy lakes. However, the toponyms of American states and cities are packed with influences from these languages; 24 of the 50 states have indigenous etymologies,includingSioux,Cherokee and Algonquian languages. Major cities such as Chicago, Milwaukee and Seattle can trace their names to Native American roots. For these reasons and many more, if you’re planning an interstate drive during your trip to the US, be sure to take along an atlas and a dictionary to learn more about the fascinating geographical and linguistic landscapes you may encounter. Plateaus, mesas and buttes Aficionados of Western movies will already be familiar with the breathtaking scenery of the dry plains found in the American West. In fact, many of the films which established the typical image of this landscape were shot in the same area: Monument Valley on the Utah-Arizona state line. This area contains some of the best-known examples of mesas and buttes, two types of flat-topped hill which rise from the valley floor, some more than 1,000 feet high (around 305 meters). To distinguish a butte from a mesa, there is a simple rule of thumb: the caprock at the top of a mesa should be wider than its height, while a butte is taller than it is wide. The word plateau is also used in these regions for larger elevated areas with flat tops. Linguistically, these three words again highlight the different European influences at work in the region. Plateau and butte both have French roots, while mesa is taken from the Spanish word for table. These features often act as local or regional landmarks, and sometimes give their names to settlements, such as Mesa, Arizona, the third-largest city in this state. In addition to these features, many other names are given to rock features in this landscape. Geological terms ‘fin’, ‘arch’, ‘dome’, ‘pinnacle’ and ‘hoodoo’ refer to specific formations caused by aridity and erosion. © Prestigious PHotos/Shutterstock Louisiana bayou Hoodoos in Ah-shi-sle-pah Wilderness, San Juan Basin, New Mexico, USA More terms Here are some other words describing geographical features, with examples of municipalities that were named after them: a prairie: a large, temperate plain covered in grass and shrubs, common in the Midwestern and Central states (Grand Prairie, Texas) a grove: a small group of trees or orchard (Buffalo Grove, Illinois) a cape: a point of land which extends into a body of water (Cape Coral, Florida) falls: waterfalls or cascades (Sioux Falls, South Dakota) rapids: fast moving water, difficult to navigate (Cedar Rapids, Iowa) a bend: a turn or curve in the river (South Bend, Indiana) a ford: a river crossing at a shallow point (Rockford, Illinois) a spring: a place where fresh water emerges from the ground (Sandy Springs, Georgia) a shrub un arbuste a grove un bosquet an orchard un verger a bend un coude a curve une courbe a ford un gué a spring (ici) une source a flat-topped hill une colline au sommet plat a rule of thumb une règle empirique a caprock une roche qui recouvre a pinnacle un sommet, une cîme a hoodoo une cheminée des fées a bluff une falaise crafty astucieux a play on words un jeu de mots a settler un colon marshy marécageux an interstate drive un trajet traversant plusieurs états 8-10 10 Go English No 131 March-April 2025 WORDS&CULTURE Article by Julie Bridgeman At the casino people say: Place your bets. I’m going all in. (betting all your money in one go) I’ll stick. (staying with the cards you already have) What are the odds? (asking about your chances of winning) When someone wins or loses they could say: Lady Luck is on my side! The house always wins. (the casino always wins in the end) I’m on a losing streak. (losing multiple bets in a row) It’s beginner’s luck. Here are some general phrases you might hear: You win some, you lose some. You’re playing your cards right. (you are doing well) They cashed out. (They took their winnings before losing any more.) You should quit while you’re ahead. Talking about gambling risks: They’re taking a gamble. (it’s high risk) It’s a long shot. (something unlikely to happen) The stakes are high. (there’s a lot to win or lose) Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. (don’t put all your money on one bet) If you’re playing the lottery, you could say: You’ve got to be in it to win it. (you have to play to have a chance of winning) I hit the jackpot! Better luck next time. I’d like a lucky dip. (a random selection of lottery numbers chosen for you) to gamble jouer, parier the rules les règles responsibly de manière responsable to cash out encaisser the stakes/a bet (ici) la mise, l’enjeu a lucky dip une pêche miraculeuse random aléatoire, au hasard to stick (ici) rester the odds la probabilité a losing streak une série de défaites in a row d’affilée a beginner un débutant Gambling can be a fun activity if you know the rules and the right phrases. Whether you’re in a casino, playing the lottery or enjoying a poker night with friends, these expressions will help you sound like a pro. Just remember, gamble responsibly! How to gamble 11 11 Go English No 131 March-April 2025 WHAT TO SAY Article by Claire Cullen
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